Macro Environmental Factors Affecting The Industry Marketing Essay

Large scale Environmental Factors Affecting The Industry Marketing Essay 1.0 Introduction This report will look at Coles Supermarket, Western Australia Based, Australian staple retailer, and its situation in the Australian store industry. Through assessment of Coles inward tasks it is trusted that a superior comprehension of Coles s technique, and ensuing achievement, can be accumulated. Consequently proposals for future supported upper hand can be detailed dependent on the discoveries from an assessment of the outside ecological elements influencing the business. 1.1 Coles Supermarket The central basic food item retailer of this report is Coles Supermarket, explicitly, its food and retail basic food item business. Coles work 742 stores across Australia, has taken its absolute deals to $30 billion out of 2010, an ascent of 4.2%, and now controls around 35% of the business. Henceforth, Coles is the second spot in the market chief, with its driving rival, Woolworths controlling 40% of the market (Westfarmer Annual Report 2010). Be that as it may, with major ecological changes not too far off it is far from being obviously true if Coles can increment such numbers in future. C:UsersMuiAppDataLocalTempmsohtmlclip11clip_image001.png Figure 1, Coles full money related year revenue2008-2010, and Coles Operate stores (Westfarmer Annual Report 2010). 2.0 External Analysis Huge patterns in large scale ecological measurements will be talked about, explicitly socio-social and financial patterns and how they will affect Coles gainfulness in future. The Porters five powers model might be used to evaluate the condition of the serious condition, lastly the appeal of the business to Coles later on will be inspected. 2.1 Macro-Environmental variables influencing the Industry Socio-Cultural Factors: One significant social pattern is the expanding awareness towards wellbeing and prosperity, reflected in a development towards natural produce and solid other options. This pattern offers an open door for Coles, as right now there are scarcely any players in the market offering natural nourishments, and deals of natural food sources are set to ascend over the long haul (IBIS, 2011). It additionally establishes a potential danger in that ranchers markets and specialty grocery stores which represent considerable authority in such produce will flourish in nature. Another social pattern would be the expanding number of buyers who are time-poor. Thusly, there is a more appeal for time accommodation. for example the capacity to belittle a store when purchasers have the opportunity. The capacity to give satisfy this need has been conceivable by stretching out in exchanging hours. Also, Coles is giving further accommodation through development of its item extend however much as could reasonably be expected, and made new business, for example, Coles Express. Financial Factors: The current monetary atmosphere has brought about lower spending levels, particularly with adaptable products. Thus, purchasers are changing to private name brands for cost investment funds. In this way, markets are expanding their private name contributions. This empowers them to contend based on cost while understanding the higher edges. Arrangement of private names likewise empowers grocery stores to contend based on decision accommodation, for example offering an ease elective. 2.2 Porters five Forces Analysis In this area, the engaging quality/productivity of the Australian general store industry in current occasions will be evaluated. This will be trailed by an assessment of Coles relative situation in said industry. Danger of Substitutes: The danger of substitutes is high, as Coles bands numerous circuitous contenders, for example, comfort stores, master supermarkets, and ranchers markets. Proof recommends these circuitous contenders are feasible substitutes to Coles and cause genuine dangers later on: Convenience stores have likewise encountered an extension in item contributions and would he contending legitimately with markets in the arrangement of decision comfort and wide item extend. With the expanding pattern towards solid other options, Farmers markets selling natural produce are additionally represents a potential future danger. Be that as it may, the danger presented by claim to fame stores is seen to be insignificant with the ascent of progressively time-poor customers. Contention among Existing Competitors: A high level of contention exists in the land is an immediate consequence of the modest number of significant players in the market and their absence of discernible separation because of the nonexclusive idea of the administrations and items gave. In this way, rivalry is basically founded on cost, yet other serious elements incorporate item decision and store area. Three principle drivers of an expansion in future competition are the private retailer IGA, Actions and Woolworths which in the main position. Dealing Power of Suppliers: The bartering intensity of providers used to be low. With Woolworths and Coles controlling over 75% of the market (Fenner, 2011), numerous neighborhood Australian makers have an amazingly constrained choice of go-betweens to browse (McKinna, 2011).Therefore, by and large, Coles or Woolworths is the significant buyer, maybe even the main buyer, of a makers creation. Indeed, even significant worldwide brands, for example, Kellogs and Nestle don't set out to agitate either retailer; such is the intensity of their piece of the pie (Wade, 2002). In any case, this is set to change, with the current of the Action general store and the extension of IGA, alongside the Federal Government and The Australian Competition and Consumer Commissions (ACCC) ongoing push to bring down rivalry obstructions in the Industry (Hewett, 2011). In this way, the haggling intensity of providers is set to be moderate in future because of a possibly bigger choice of go-betweens to commi t to. Bartering Power or Buyers: Whilst low, the purchasing intensity of shoppers is likewise set to increment in future. By and by, the forceful push by the Federal Government and ACCC to bring down rivalry boundaries and permit new contenders to enter the market is set to build customer decision (Hewett, 2011), subsequently expanding buyers dealing power. Further driving the expansion of customer dealing force would be the ascent of value correlation sites, for example, grocery.bestpricedirectory.com.au which empowers buyers to think about costs and pick the least expensive other option. The two elements are set to carry shoppers future haggling to an increasingly moderate level. Danger of New Entrants: The danger of new contestants is low, and is set to stay unaltered. A tricky mix of neighborhood zoning laws and renting concurrences with proprietors has brought about a fake shortage of market destinations (Hewett, 2011). In that capacity, this has discouraged numerous new contestants from entering the market, particularly abroad players keen on the Australian basic food item industry. This is additionally disturbed by special treatment for Coles and Woolworths via proprietors, because of their colossal pulling power as far as buyer traffic (McKinna, 2011). Besides, potential contestants to the Australian basic food item showcase must contend with Coles and Woolworths staggering financial matters of scales. Hence the interests in framework, and offices would be monstrous, and the aptitude to oversee them all eventual specific and uncommon. Accordingly, not many firms have the skill or assets required for such a critical endeavor, and just a couple of players, for example, IGA and Action can do as such (McKinna, 2011). 2.3 Comparison of industry allure for Coles From the Porters Five-Forces examination in the past segment, the Supermarket business until a couple of years back introduced tolerably high to high appeal for Coles, the most significant explanation or which was the high hindrances to section and frail bartering intensity of providers and purchasers. Henceforth benefit would be high for Coles by then of lime. In any case, future natural changes are set to change the appeal of the business to Coles to direct. Consequently, Coless productivity is set to diminish from high to direct in future also. The principle explanations behind this would be the expansion in bartering intensity of providers and purchasers, alongside the more prominent power of firm competition with Woolworth, Action and extension of IGA.C:UsersMuiAppDataLocalTempmsohtmlclip11clip_image001.png Figure 2, Attractiveness and Profitability of Industry to Coles in not so distant future Accordingly, the capacity to outflank its adversaries and keep up its serious edge lays on Coles assets and abilities, and all the more significantly how those assets and capacities are used later on, when industry appeal and gainfulness has diminished from past levels. 3.0 Internal Analysis This area will start with an appraisal of Coless situation in the evolved way of life (for example expanded worth framework) the firm partakes in. It will be trailed by an assessment of the noteworthy capacities inside Coles Value Chain that conveys the most incentive to the firm. At long last, Coles most huge assets and abilities will be recognized and talked about in detail. Coles 3.1 Examination of the Food Chain Coles takes an interest in C:UsersMuiAppDataLocalTempmsohtmlclip11clip_image001.png Figure 3, Coles Food Chain From the above outline, it very well may be watched Coless capacity in the natural pecking order is to give makers a channel to arrive at end purchasers. This is on the grounds that the makers Coles works with focus exclusively on creation, subsequently those makers require to go-between with retailing aptitude and framework. For huge numbers of Coles providers, Coles is a significant purchaser, if by all account not the only purchaser of their produce. In this way, Coles applies extraordinary impact over a significant number of the little neighborhood makers and can state things like homestead sizes, crop type, horticultural techniques and costs the makers get, which depend on Coles item and procedure quality particulars (swim. 2002). 3.2 Value Chain Analysis of Coles Coles crucial

The Relationships Between Zoning And Land Use Environmental Sciences Essay

This section of the proposition presents and characterizes the competent subjects of zoning and rezoning which exemplify the central subjects of this postulation. This hole part features the significance of land as an or more class and the financial jussive dispositions engaged with its zoning. There is other than a detailed treatment of the rule for districting, the various sorts of zoning and a portion of the troublesome decisions of regular zoning. This section finishes up by foregrounding the boss down to earth advantages of the examination. Land is seemingly the universe ‘s generally significant in addition to class. For a considerable length of time land spoke to the solitary genuine abundance of individuals: the Crown, nobility and the landed privileged all determined their close entire force from land possession, from what they could seed, reap, pull out and tackle. There were other than the essential resources of livestock, developed harvests, helot and fighters, all requiring land handiness, in its various beneficial signifiers. Landed bequests have produced through their siting, signifier, size and ability to deliver, provender and house, inimitable salary and force for their owners. Along these lines the since quite a while ago settled monetary limit of land to deliver riches and influence is non just notable, it is legitimate. For a considerable length of time, effects spoke to the solitary methods for creation in terrains and locale and settlements for the oligarchic tip top who possessed the built up and vanquished realms and all upon them. People groups were conceived on the land, took a shot at the land, experienced childhood with the land and kicked the bucket on the land however did non ever obtain to have any segment of the in addition to. It was non until the late 1700 ‘s that land turned into a tradeable exchange great Britain, Europe and the settlements and somewhat open to conventional residents. It was seemingly the commercialization of the steam motor and the happening to the railroad that started to interfere with the inseparable bond among work and possessions. As plants, situated off from the customary bequests, started to deliver merchandise and fulfill request distally of the land, so exorbitantly did laborers hold to go to work for the principal cut. The provincials could now increase a pay autonomous of their locational scene and with the unavoidable improvement of towns and metropoliss came further landuse modification and new urban riches. New province types of the laborers were unavoidable for the moving edges of country occupants who had come to shack closer their work in new human-centric scenes at the edges of blossoming towns and metropoliss. At the base of all riches, regardless of whether modern, primitive, magnificent or frontier all things considered, remained the essential touchable fixing: the land itself. As anyone might expect, this remaining parts the occasion today. For representation, a factually significant extent of Australia ‘s top BRW 200 most extravagant individuals in 2009 for case, had gained or fundamentally developed their riches through property-related exercises. Property is cardinal, surpassing the rundown of the most extravagant Aussies by industry, doing up 61 of the BRW Rich 200 ( BRW Rich 200, 2009, p. 23 ) . On the off chance that removal, retail and provincial exercises are remembered for the land-related condition, so the essentialness of land as a goliath riches generator is complemented much further. These four land-related segments, whenever joined, do up a surprising 57 % of Australia ‘s wealthiest people ( BRW Rich 200, 2009, p. 23 ) . Without a doubt, the greater part of the shred bargainers, media nobles, designing investors, retail and creating noblemen on that rundown, all have noteworthy individual effects contributions, that are only occasionally held inactively ; this doubtlessly incorporates three of the best 10 most extravagant work powers in Australia in that twelvemonth ( BRW Rich 2000, 2009, p. 83 ) .1.1 †Research QuestionAlthough effects in most western states, especially Australia, stays as the individual the greater part of import in addition to class and exchange great, the interests of its order and zoning and rezoning, keep on being uncommonly tangled. Land ‘s capacity to acknowledge or lose esteem, through districting change, is much increasingly mind boggling and not well comprehended. There directly exists no significant research in Australia that shows how the rezoning of land influences its worth. This is astonishing sing that the worth modification because of zoning, is regularly demonstrated to be such a major and sig nificant multiplier of its unique land esteem. The general outcome of rezoning land on productivity is all around extremely noteworthy. Zoning indications, for example, legacy sheathings are other than canvassed in this proposal and are one more way in which districting connects with land esteem. So also, no examination has ever been formally led in this nation in Australia using market value-based informations. Therefore, this postulation takes a gander at the result of rezoning ashore value.1.2 †Purposes and Aims of the ThesisThe essential raison d'etre of this proposal is to examine the mind boggling relationship that exists between the triumvirate of land, districting and esteem †especially as associated with a modification in land utilization. It is thusly commenced in this, that as zoning changes for a given bundle of land starting with one handle then onto the next, this is joined by a similar settlement of its fairly estimated worth. This worth modification is seen to occur notwithstanding the way that the land stays unaltered truly, locationally and geologically. Could esteem be made and decimated by a straightforward shot of a pen permitting an adjustment in landuse? It does as such. This treatise, in settling on its choices, surveys more than 160 scholarly archives and 30 books partner to land and its history, utilization, districting, esteem, financial sciences, commoditisation and tradability. Through archived representations and informations got from existent rezonings, the theory defines an exact estimating evaluating the worth modification due to districting. The exploration and the delineations utilized in this are totally situated in New South Wales, Australia, utilizing existent market informations and minutess to battle a hypothesis of how zoning change makes and wrecks an incentive for landed effects. The reported existent outlines of land bundles utilized, are every one of the 1s that have experienced an existent zoning adjustme nt, or a useful modification because of a formalized Development Approval or Major Project favoring. They other than cross a figure of various zones including Rural, Special Use, Retirement, Bulky Goods, Industrial and Residential, looking at their reasonable worth when the zoning change. Utilizing existent market informations, an experimental articulation is determined to suggest the instrument for esteem adjustment of land in New South Wales. This possibly has direct relevance to other Australian areas and different states, where Euclidean or isolation zoning is utilized as an organization of landuse control. Subsequently this theory surveys, in portion, the impacts of be aftering law ashore financial incentive as estimated through existent representations. It so builds up an experimental hypothetical record to elucidate both the system and quantum of significant worth change in land an incentive as estimated by net incomes informations. This is made to be a precise stride of significant worth, viz. the financial incentive at which a willing buyer and a willing advertiser have truly traded in a detached market strategy. Where a managing was non truly affected, evaluations, as booked in formal records and most elevated offers that demonstrate showcase request, are utilized to bespeak esteem. Utilizing more than 500 existent gross incomes, the Heritage Conservation Area look into examinations the standard annualized unadjusted capital expansion of degage homes inside two separate HCAs and contrasts these and belongingss outside the two Heritage Conservation Areas ( â€Å" HCA † ) viz. : North Randwick and West Kensington, both situated in Sydney ‘s eastern rural areas. The exploration paperss the mean capital expansion over a 35 twelvemonth period, looking at belongingss inside and outside both HCAs. The outcomes are both numerically and diagrammatically organized, pulling unequivocal choices on the result of each HCA on place money related qualities and land esteems over clasp. It other than presents unique research on how Heritage Conservation, an expansion of zoning, influences the capital estimations of houses over clasp. It other than presents unique research on how Heritage Conservation, an augmentation of zoning, influences the capital estimations of h ouses over clip.1.3 †Rationale for Zoning and Landuse SegregationAs by and by rehearsed in Australia, districting by its inherent nature, limits land, both with respect to its use and the quality of that use. Singular area arranging frameworks all treat districting in their regulative governments a little in any case yet the legal reason for existing is ever the equivalent: improving pleasantness through the isolation of land usages. In the region of Victoria for case, landuse zones are joined with arranging sheathings to represent the variety of elements that sway on alluring urban outcomes in various areas. Revell found that zoning, at its most fundamental start, got its authenticity from its relationship with the customary police-power parts of the bargains and thwarting flames. Despite the fact that none of those associated with the zoning strategy itself, ever really accepted that they were make up one's disapproving of arranging and districting issues on the balance of open health measures. Be that as it may, the connection between open appropriateness and the knowing isolation of land uses, was ever inseparably connected ( 1999, p. 136 ) . As is promptly noticeable today, landuse mandates commonly indicate, for each characterized zone, those exercises that are allowed as an issue of right, every piece great as those which are â€Å" taboo † under the zone. Whenever recorded as an allowed use, the landhol

A Very Shaky Frame Marxism and Kathy Acker’s Empire of the Senseless. - Literature Essay Samples

The Female Arab:Physical and mental lust were eating out my body at the same time I knew there was only loneliness. The CIA had treated loneliness in that city and made the sun into a piece of ice. I decided either I can die or I have to refind emotion. . .I left New York City the way one leaves a lover’s bed when one doesn’t give a damn about the person one’s just fucked and it’s 5:00 in the morning and the pavement’s crawling like a dead cat.The Male Arab:The USA has destroyed all that we call human life and substituted religion. This religion is the worship of money and blind faith in stupidity. . . .The USA has substituted learning how to be controlled and the rote memorization of facts for any education in living. Every aspect of the USA’s life is now fit for death. Fucking leads only to disease. The USA is a cancer on the flesh of reality. All Americans are born diseased and live writhing. The Female Arab:Peace to the dead and the deat h-bringers. Peace to my sick home, city of AIDS or the death of love. (Empire 168)As evidenced in this selection, Kathy Acker’s Empire of the Senseless screams postmodernism with a blatant rejection of grammatical conventions and linear tradition and an impassioned engagement with contemporary political issues. But more importantly, it screams with an angry despair. Acker says in â€Å"A Few Notes on Two of my Books,† that she writes with a sense of the â€Å"immediate† in an attempt to â€Å"present the human heart naked so that our world, for a second explodes into flames† (117). Acker’s novel launches an angry terrorist attack upon the senseless bourgeois-patriarchal â€Å"world of our fathers† to illuminate a darkened, fringed edge of society that she will contend is not so marginal (Empire 2). Acker employs bisexual terrorists Abhor and Thivaia part robot, part black female, and a white, male pirateto weave a discursive narrative throug h a Parisian dystopia of the near-future where the Algerians are waging a revolution â€Å"of the non-existent against their economic controllers† (Empire 6). They navigate their way through a society of brutal violence and forbidden sex in an overtly satirical model of contemporary America and the conundrum of the alienated masses attempting life under a government and in a society that makes it impossible to live.Empire emerged from an America in the early stages of the AIDS pandemic. Published in 1988, it followed by months President Reagan’s first public mention of HIV, yet the disease had held the attention of the world for over 7 years (Global). By 1988, the virus had killed thousands and infected millions worldwide and was rapidly breaking its early definition as a disease of homosexual men, yet in 1987, to strong urging from the White House, Congress passed the Helms amendment â€Å"banning the use of federal funds for AIDS education that promotes, directly or indirectly, homosexual activities† (Global). Acker’s voice rings with fear of a government controlling, directly or indirectly, through an unnatural selectiona homophobic government controlling the bloodstream of the people through the use of a viral agent (Clune 2). In the artist communities of San Francisco and New York City, friends were being killed off by a disease that infected through love but transmitted economic segregation and social alienation leaving lives shattered and fragmented: senseless.Written in fragmentary, nearly-prosaic language filled with background noise and foreground violence that makes conventional reading impossible, Empire of the Senseless imparts upon the reader a frantic loss of meaning through two dramatic sensations. The first is a feeling of absence where expected but absent meaning has left a void or negative space. The second is the spectral presence of an indefinable, nearly intangible but definite shattered meaningthe ghost of mea ning. Essentially, the text presents a corporeal presence of meaning’s absence (Glotfelty 250). This demands the reader reject the notion of a self-contained work and engage the text with historical context and theory in order to create meaning from the fragments (House 460). While elements of Empire can be seen to both support and attack tenets of every theoretical approach, Acker’s sense of urgency suggests a frame with a practical, political goal.Thivai highlights the value of Marxist theory as an illuminating agent for Acker’s work with his statement that â€Å"the dominated classes’ ideological structures, obviously, determine whether or not they’ll continue to be dominated† (Empire 125). By applying traditional Marxist theory and its focus on ideology as a frame, one can recognize the urgent anti-capitalist message of the work and clearly reveal a strong support of Marxist philosophy. However, in looking at the failure of the frame as it is shaken by individual desire and an unconventional language, one can understand Acker’s rejection of traditional theory even as it carries a complementary message giving voice to the same exiled masses that she speaks for. With an understanding of Marxism’s failure to this novel, one can reshape Marxist theory into something that will accept the individuality Acker demands and flex with the elasticity of this novel and of postmodern culture. Many Marxist theorists feel that postmodern texts work against Marxism by being too difficult to follow to stage an effective attack on subverting ideologies, yet others argue that the fragmentary presentation of the postmodern text accurately reflects the violated, alienated characteristics of the oppressed and supports Marxist readings more appropriately than traditional works (Tyson 63). At the 1999 MLA conference in Chicago, Andrew Hoberek of Columbia University defined postmodernism as the â€Å"incomplete, deeply contes ted globalization and digitization of capitalism† (Hoberek 32). Acker’s narrators illustrate exactly this deep resentment of the global explosion of capitalism:The nature of bosses is to get whatever and whoever they want however they have to. One would expect the disenfranchised to revolt against the rich and the bosses. Those who don’t have should know they don’t have, that there are those who do, and that those who have are controlling them. Sure. No man wants to be a worm. Have a boss. But it was precisely the wretched masses in Germany . . . who helped put Fascism into power. And it was that class in the United States who are moving from middle-class splendor down to lower-class or, rather, no-class stagnation who put Reagan, for instance, in power and gave way to Multi-Nationals. (Empire 124)Abhor and Thivai explain the plight of the masses as being pinned between a worm-like self image and classless alienation. Blinded and oppressed by ideological p rogramming, Acker’s characters and their story support the Marxist interpretation of ideology and in some ways exemplify the exploited masses. Karl Marx defined capitalism as â€Å"exploitation, veiled by religious and political illusions† (Marx 127). On capitalist exploitation, Marx and Acker are congruent. Through Abhor, Acker explains capitalism as an â€Å"accurate picture of God: A despot who needs a constant increase of His power in order to survive. God equals capitalism. Thus God allows a smidgen of happiness to humans. His victims. For He needs their love. Humans who do not love (God) suffer† (Empire 46). For Acker and for Marx, capitalism is a dangerous religion which blinds the masses to their plight and leaves them exploited and victimized in its wake. However, in seeming contradiction, Acker explains God both as ideological charade and as cruel dictator. It is precisely this contradiction that signals her deliberate turn and the beginning of her sh aking of the Marxist frame.Acker’s disagreement with theory over desire becomes startlingly clear through a return to her treatment of religion:I questioned to the point of obsession whether other humans are naturally evil, and if so why. Unable to answer this question, I prayed to God about whom they had told me. God is He who is unknowable. My sister was so malicious and my nightmares were so violent that I knew any Creator must be a sick pig. I named God ‘Sickpig’ and ‘Turdshit’. Everytime I saw a dog shit on the street, I thought of God. (Empire 30)Marxist theory coincides with Acker on religion to a point. Terry Eagleton calls religion an â€Å"immensely powerful ideological form . . . capable of operating at every social level† (Eagleton 2244). Yet Acker diverges from Marxism in acknowledging God as a possibility rather than only as an ideological fabrication. Acker’s desire to target a cruel deity outweighs not only concern for s elf-contradiction within the novel but her allegiance to Marxist precept as well. Desire takes over.Empire of the Senseless becomes truly problematic for a Marxist reading as it deals with individual desire. For Acker, the problem with following theory or â€Å"with following rules is that, if you follow rules, you don’t follow yourself. Therefore, rules prevent, dement, and even kill the people who follow them† (Empire 219). In contemporary economic theory, the individual is interpreted as a â€Å"choosing or utility-maximizing agent† (Hodgson 364). In the Marxist view, desire feeds the oppressive ideology of the American dream by keeping the individual occupied in acquisition and attempting to satisfy limited, material desires (Tyson 53). Thus, Marxist theory has little place for individual desire. It is a dangerous tool shifting focus onto the self and away from the individual’s relationship to society. But for Acker, desire is â€Å"limited neither b y a solely material nor by a solely mental reality† (Empire 65). Desire is everything.With the horror of AIDS raging through San Francisco unchecked by medical science and unrecognized by the government, sex and sexuality became an impossible situation as reflected in Empire. Fear reinforced bourgeois taboos resulting in even more invasive control. As a result, Abhor and Thivai violate social taboo against homosexuality, bisexuality, sadomasochism, and incest with regularity and familiarity. Abhor describes herself as â€Å"masochistic to the point of suicidal and, actually, physically damaged† (Empire 31). Yet Acker explains â€Å"Masochism [as] only political rebellion† (Empire 58). This presents a problematic dichotomy of desire for control and desire to be controlled as Abhor uses being physically controlled through masochism to challenge social mores in a rejection of societal control. Acker’s contradictory desires reflect her elevation of desire abov e all else. For Acker, desire is paramount and is â€Å"like having an endless orgasm. You just go and go and go† (Interview). Rather than reject or suppress desire, Acker chooses to attack constructed patriarchal-bourgeois perceptions of desire. But to do so, she must attack the framework upon which they stand: language.In dealing with language, Acker fuses together the context of the author, and the world of the characters. Thivai protests, â€Å"All I know is we have to reach this construct. And her name’s Kathy† (Empire 34). In inserting herself to bridge the traditional gap between the fictional world and the author’s reality, Acker draws the reader to mesh their own context with the world of the text. To accomplish this thoroughly, Acker rejects the traditional narrative guideposts that define Wolfgang Iser’s separation â€Å"between the explicit and the implicit, between revelation and concealment† (Iser 1676). Thus, the meaningless background noise proves to be an essential element of Acker’s method. Iser elaborates on this loss of meaning saying, â€Å"the lack of a common situation and a common frame of reference corresponds to the ‘no-thing,’ which brings about the interaction between persons† (Iser 1676). Epitomizing this relationship, Acker completely removes any hope of a common frame of reference and leaves the reader to fill gaps with contextual information. With this fusion of text and context, author and audience, Acker can fully involve the reader in her rejection of patriarchal language and alienation with a call echoing Karl Marx to â€Å"let our madness turn from insanity into anger† (Empire 169).Acker recognizes the patriarchal literary tradition as the key to societal perception of desire and, accordingly, the destructive destabilization of bourgeois control. Thivai says, â€Å"the library was the American Intelligence’s central control network, its mem ory, what constituted its perception and understanding. (A hypothesis of the political uses of culture.)† (Empire 36). In a now familiar use of contradiction, Acker announces literature as her weapon against the oppressive system as â€Å"literature is that which denounces and slashes apart the repressing machine at the level of the signified† (Empire 12). Acker prophesizes that to overcome alienation is to attack the presiding linguistic system and resulting bourgeois literary memory or tradition. Through Abhor, she says,Ten years ago it seemed possible to destroy language through language: to destroy language which normalizes and controls by cutting that language. Nonsense would attack the empire-making (empirical) empire of language, the prisons of meaning.But this nonsense, since it depended on sense, simply pointed back to the normalizing institutions . . . Language, on one level, constitutes a set of codes and social and historical agreements. Nonsense doesnâ€⠄¢t per se break down the codes; speaking precisely that which the codes forbid breaks down the codes. (134)Acker seeks to replace patriarchal language with a forbidden, reciprocal language and a resultantly new literature. Eagleton writes that literature itself â€Å"is an ideology† (Eagleton 2243). By reversing the rules of the presiding language and the resultant literary ideological system, Acker smashes convention and destabilizes reason for â€Å"in an unreasonable world, reason isn’t reasonable† (Empire 169). By replacing language with the socially unacceptable and rewriting literature in the voice of the alienated, Acker replaces the meaning upon which modern literature was founded. In a philosophical chain reaction, ideology, perception, desire, knowledge, and experience deconstruct and reconstruct themselves continuously as Acker brings the reader along for the ride. As Acker says, â€Å"when two people fuck, the whole world fucks† (A Few Notes 120)The traditional Marxist frame can account for the alienation and the oppression experienced by Acker’s characters, but it falls short of incorporating the intricacies of desire that create individuality. The frame seeks to critique on the assumption that the medium of communication through which the message is transmitted is sufficient. Acker proves that in the current system with the current code the â€Å"demand for an adequate mode of expression is senseless. . . . Since all acts, are inter-dependent, paradise cannot be an absolute. Theory doesn’t work† (Empire 113). Yet just as Acker constructs her novels on the remains of those novels that her attack on language discards, the Marxist frame can be used to build anew. By looking at the frame and the weak joints where it has been shaken loose by desire and language, one can revise and renew it alongside Acker’s revised reality.The breadth of Acker’s anti-heterocentric, linguocentric, classist attacks proves the inability of a traditional Marxist frame to view the text, but by replacing the fixed, static points where desire and language push against the frame with pliable, dynamic ideology, the frame can be made usable with the postmodern text. Contemporary, common usage of the term â€Å"anarchism† is that of a philosophical system free from law or responsibility and plagued by violence and destruction (â€Å"anarchism,† def. 1). But this definition is woefully short sighted. 20th century Italian revolutionary Errico Malatesta wrote extensively on anarchism and described the anarchist spirit as a â€Å"deeply human sentiment, which aims at the good of all, freedom and justice for all, solidarity and love among the people; which is not an exclusive characteristic of self-declared anarchists but inspires all people† (Malatesta). Employing this Malatestian vision of anarchy in a literary sense offers a new perception as conventional conceptions of fixe d personal truth fall to a flexible sense of individual choice. In this realization of human truth as an ever changing construction of desire rather than a law, readers can erase the ideological fallacy that the human element is natural and redefine the ideological framework (Quigley 307). Applied to Marxist theory this expresses the relativity of human experience and human desire and the need for a change to the dynamic. To accommodate this flexibility, the theoretical frame must be turned from a shaky, nailed wooden form into a nearly-amoebic, flattened bike tire. Echoing Marx’s transformation of socialism from an abstract concept into a detailed blueprint for revolution, Acker allows for a practical redesign of theory and its application (Postgate 124). However, unlike Marx, Acker recognizes that people without individual desireswithout individual hopes or dreamsare easy to control. Thus the question becomes, is it more appropriate to employ a shaky frame which professes t o undermine authority but exposes the individual to its own rigid control or to adapt the frame’s rigid points to flex with the individuality of desire and the ambiguity of language? The necessary adaptation of the Marxist frame must allow for the elimination of alienation even from itself. Functional portions of the Marxist perspective such as the recognition of ideologies and of socioeconomic forces underlying societal changes can be pulled from the rigid frame and melded with the dynamic view of individual truth and desire of anarchism to form the new frame. The discipline of theory injected with anarchy will allow for contradiction and for language that revises, reverses, and reinvents itself in an ongoing rejection of control. The anarchistic application applied to society forces recognition that â€Å"our racist, sexist, classist mores have to change or we will all kill all of us† (Empire 154). Acker’s hope is for a changed world viewed through a changed f rame where we could accept the seemingly fragmentary voices of previously denied individual desires. These voices would tell a new history for a new literature telling the story of a â€Å"human society in a world which is beautiful, a society which wasn’t just disgust† (Empire 227). Works CitedAcker, Kathy. Empire of the Senseless. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1988.. â€Å"A Few Notes on Two of My Books.† Review of Contemporary Fiction 19.3 (1989): 117-122.. Interview with R.U. Sirius. io magazine: the digital magazine of literary culture. 2 Dec 2006 .â€Å"Anarchism.† The Oxford Essential Dictionary. American Ed. 1998.Clune, Michael. â€Å"Blood Money: Sovereignty and Exchange in Kathy Acker.† Contemporary Literature 45 (2004): 486-515.Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Leitch 2243-2249.The Global HIV/AIDS Timeline. 16 Aug 2006. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. 18 Nov 2006 .Glotfelty, Cheryll. â€Å"The Riddle of Ghost Town s in the Environmental Imagination.† Western American Literature 41.3 (2006): 244-265.Hoberek, Andrew, et al. â€Å"Twentieth-Century Literature in the New Century: A Symposium.† College English 64.1 (2001): 9-34.Hodgson, Geoffrey M. Rev. of The Theory of the Individual in Economics: Identity and Value. By John B. Davis. Economica 72 (2005): 364-365.House, Richard. â€Å"Informal Inheritance in Kathy Acker’s Empire of the Senseless.† Contemporary Literature 46 (2005): 451-482.Iser, Wolfgang. Interaction between Text and Reader. Leitch 1673-1681.Leitch, Vincent B, ed. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc, 2001.Marx, Karl, and Frederick Engels. The Manifesto of the Communist Party. The Communist Manifesto: and Other Revolutionary Writings. Ed. Bob Blaisdell. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc, 2003.Malatesta, Errico. â€Å"Errico Malatesta, Italian anarchist, agitator, and theorist.† The Anarchist Encycloped ia: a Gallery of Saints and Sinners. Dec 2004. Recollection Books. 28 Nov 2006 .Postgate, R.W. Introduction. The Manifesto of the Communist Party. The Communist Manifesto: and Other Revolutionary Writings. Ed. Bob Blaisdell. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc, 2003.Quigley, Peter. Coyote in the Maze. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1998.Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc, 1999.

Essay On Schizophrenia - 1816 Words

Participants Participants were eighty college-aged students (expected sample size) not selected at random. Instead, researchers used convenience sampling by selecting half of the participants in person by going up to students on the UT campus who did not appear to be busy, while the other half of participants were recruited through a survey link posted on a UT Facebook group. Participants were randomly assigned into four conditions, twenty participants in each group. They ranged across ages 18-21, multiple ethnic backgrounds, and a mixture of males and females. Materials Qualtrics was the survey platform used to administer the online study. Informed consent forms contained information about the nature of the study, potential risks and†¦show more content†¦After reading the stimuli, participants were asked to respond with how much they agree or disagree with the following statements. Researchers measured these responses by using a 7-point Likert type scale. The scale includes strongly disagree, disagree, somewhat disagree, neither agree nor disagree, somewhat agree, agree, and strongly agree. The first set of questions focused on asking about mental illness as a whole in relation to gun policy and perceived association with violence. The next set of questions mirrored the first set, but focused on the specific mental illness diagnosis, either depression or schizophrenia and the same relationship with gun policy and perceived association with violence. Researchers also sporadically included filler questions, such as the media, to provide a wid er range of questions for the participants to answer. After participants responded to questions across the two measurements of violence (gun policy and perceived association with violence), they were presented with a debriefing page that concluded the survey and thanked for their time. Results To test the hypothesis that a diagnostic label of schizophrenia would result in more restrictive gun policy opinions and a higher perceived association to violence than a depression diagnostic label, especially when the news source comes from the Wall Street Journal, as opposed to a Facebook post, a 2X2 ANOVA was conducted. Results partially supported the overarching hypothesis. There was aShow MoreRelatedSchizophrenia Essay1022 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disease of the brain that is expressed clinically as a disease of the mind. Once it strikes, morbidity is high (60% of patients are receiving disability benefits within the first year of onset) as is mortality (the suicide rate is 10%). (www.nejm.org/content/1999/0340/008/0645.asp). Because its symptoms and signs and associated cognitive abnormalities are diverse, researchers have been unable to find localization in a single region of the brain. This essayRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay2662 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿This essay focuses on the diagnosis of schizophrenia, a major mental illness with much stigma and misinformation associated with it. World Health Organisation (WHO, 2012) epidemiological evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a mental illness affecting 24 million people worldwide. This essay will define schizophrenia and its characteristic signs and symptoms in relation to cognition, mood, behaviour and psychosocial functioning. The criteria enabling a diagnosis of schizophrenia are explored, asRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia One of the major concerns of modern medicine is Schizophrenia. Frey defines schizophrenia as a group of disorders marked by severely impaired thinking, emotions, and behaviors (99). Straube and Oades incorporate more on its definition by saying this illness evokes a fundamental disturbance of personality (92). According to Gottesman, schizophrenia didn’t exist before the 19th century. He found many facts that lead to this hypothesis, finding no existence of this illness inRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia is affecting people more now than a few decades ago. This illness is across the US and is present in every culture. People are now aware and understand how the illness can be devastating to one’s life. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder of the brain but it is highly treatable. In the US the total amount of people affected with the illness is about 2.2 % of the adult population. The average number of people affected per 1000 total population is 7.2 % per 1000, which means a city thatRead More SCHIZOPHRENIA Essay821 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor abnormalities to Dave none of these are going to be abnormal for him because he has been use to him all his life. Dave has been diagnosed with Schizophrenia in his early childhood. 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People whoRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesIt has been widely accepted that schizophrenia has a genetic component, with the relative lifetime risk of schizophrenia being reported at around 0.3-0.7% (McGath et al, 2008) although some studies have shown this to be much higher at around 3.5% (Pedersen et al, 2014). Studies have shown the risk of relatives developing schizophrenia is correlated with the percentage of shared genes (Tsuang, 2000). Twin studies have been utilised to reveal a genetic component, as monozygotic (MZ) twins share 100%Read More Schizophrenia Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic mental disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality and disturbances of thought, mood, and perception. Schizophrenia is the most common and the most potentially sever and disabling of the psychosis, a term encompassing several severe mental disorders that result in the loss of contact with reality along with major personality derangements. Schizophrenia patients experience delusions, hallucinations and often lose thought process. Schizophre nia affectsRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay1066 Words   |  5 Pagesis schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by irrational thought processes. A person dealing with this debilitating illness may think that people are going to kill them, or kidnap them. Some Schizophrenics often have â€Å"voices† in their heads telling them what to do. In some cases this has caused people to take their lives or try to. Schizophrenia is everywhere you look. Out of one hundred thousand people at least one hundred and fifty people have schizophrenia. 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The Connection Between Nature And Love - 1066 Words

xWorld renounced artist, Vincent Van Gough once said, â€Å"If you truly love nature, you will find beauty everywhere†. Often people associate nature with just being the outdoors, plants, and animals, but it also can be more than that, such as human nature. In other words, the art and desires of humans and what is considered â€Å"natural†. This connection of human nature is depicted through the desires and human love shown in the Egyptian love poems. Poems such as â€Å"Sister Without Peer†, â€Å"My Brother Torments my Heart†, and â€Å"Sickness Evaded Me† all portray the human nature of mutual love and how it effects the body, soul, and mind. This connection between nature and love is best described through the lyrical poets from 1000 BC. One of the most†¦show more content†¦The poet literally speaks to her body and the natural female figure with wide hips and how â€Å"she causes all men’s necks to turn about to see her† (Egyptian Love Songs 1). As for speaking to the soul, the poet entices the readers by explaining how her beauty has â€Å"captured my heart† (Egyptian Love Songs 1). It is breath taking to examine how the culture is so different from today’s society and how we treat women. Women used to be valued and respected as the homemakers. However, as time went on, women gained more independence and freedom from the home and family to get jobs and be more than just a wife and a mother. In the process, they lost respect, value, and even beauty standards. The lyrical structure depicting the female body within â€Å"Sister Without Peer† is mirrored by the next Egyptian love poem, â€Å"My Brother Torments My Heart† in which it describes the nature of man. It is imperative to note that the terms brother and sister are not to be confused with today’s use of the word, rather it is a term of endearment or appreciation. As the poem begins, one can already tell the difference in voice as the poet begins with how she longs for the man, â€Å"my brother torments my heart with his voice† (Egyptian Love Songs 2). The poet speaks about this love as being so deep within her, overtaking her being; â€Å"I am possessed by love of him† (Egyptian Love Songs 2), this speaks to the soul and how love can alter the body. This poem, shows the unilateralShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of As You Like It 1141 Words   |  5 Pagesseparation from their homes in the court aids in helping Shakespeare’s major themes come alive . The major themes evident in Act 4 Scene 3 is the malleability of humans through experience, the effects of love, and a comparison of city life to country life. It is important to note the malleability of human nature through an individual’s life experience. According to some psychologists, â€Å"what is built in [to humans] is this capacity to learn and change according to the world [they] find [themselves] in† (DweckRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1142 Words   |  5 Pagesseparation from their homes in the court aids in helping Shakespeare’s major themes come alive. The major themes evident in Act 4 Scene 3 is the malleability of humans through experience, the effects of love, and city life in comparison to country life. It is important to note the malleability of human nature through an individual’s life experience. According to some psychologists, â€Å"what is built in [to humans] is this capacity to learn and change according to the world [they] find [themselves] in† (DweckRead MoreDeath and Love in Walt Whitman’s â€Å"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking† and Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death†1111 Words   |  5 PagesDeath and Love in Walt Whitman’s â€Å"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking† and Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death† According to Sigmund Freud’s theories, all of human instincts, energies, and motivations derive from two drives, the sexual and the death drives. The sexual drive initiates self-preservation and erotic instincts, while the death drive moves toward self-destruction and aggression. The death drive contains the individual’s unconscious desire to die, which implies seekingRead MoreFrankenstein By Mary Shelley Is One Of The First Books1494 Words   |  6 Pagesrevenge, isolation, and lack of empathy. 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Tradition has made it so that nature is almost always involved in these, â€Å"Spaces for Love.† Also

Day of the Locust free essay sample

An examination of Nathanael Wests Day of the Locust and how it cleverly uses the relationship of three young people to speak out against the false dreams found in Hollywood movies. This is an essay on Day of the Locust, a novel that criticizes Hollywood for creating movies that promise impossible dreams. It examines how Todd Hacketts and Homer Simpsons relationship with Faye Greener contributes to the novels project of criticizing the Hollywood film industry. The paper provides a brief summary of the novel and then examines the relationships between this romantic trio. Tod has come to Hollywood as a recruit from the Yale School of Fine Arts to work as a set and costume designer for National Films. As the novel opens, he has only been in Hollywood for three months and is still in awe of the people and the city. Tod views the architectural landscape as well as the movie population as masquerading life, not genuine, merely fronting a facade of illusion. We will write a custom essay sample on Day of the Locust or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He begins to take notice of those who stand around on street corners, the wanna-bees who have become bitter and disillusioned with time, waiting for their big break into world of glamor and fame. Although his friends from college see his position as a sellout, Tod sees it as an opportunity to study the culture and create his masterpiece. His artistic eye allows for visual detail throughout the story, while his intellectual status allows for criticisms of the various characters and interactions. His superior attitude contributes to the tension created in the story line, as Tod appears to be a non-participant and positions himself as above the others, thinking himself as more enlightened. However, eventually he becomes just as enthralled and caught-up in the Hollywood scene as the others (West 1983).

Radio Formats free essay sample

The subject matter covered by documentaries often includes historical events, people of Influence. and current Issues. Doing research for the radio documentary may also nvolved finding people who have something to contribute to the documentary, either by providing an interview, a story, or any other bits of material that can give the show some added substance. When developing a social awareness project. especially one that is devoted to promoting HIWAIDS awareness, doing the proper research is mandatory! The information dispersed by such a show must be accurate, reliable, and current. Radio drama Is a story told through sound alone The sound in the form of: Radio drama has a beginning . iddle and end. The beginning is everything. If this part of it does not work Listener will switch off the radio Movement and progress or climax must be suggested in radio through sounds The Plot : This is the story with lots of twists and turns. We will write a custom essay sample on Radio Formats or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Without a good plot youre eating a souff © that has gone flat. Two sub plots would be interesting. Keep tne plots llnKea logically wltnln tne same play. The best system is a major and a minor storyline linked to one another. Get them to come together at the end. Characters: Every character is equally important. But our main character must have the sympathy of the audience. Your audience has to identify with your main character. If this does not happen you have created a failure. Dialogue : Characters inform, argue, amuse, outrage, argue through the ebb and flow of dialogue. When we do we talk and that is how great radio plays are made.. by talking in dramatic dialogue Drama = conflict = audience. There has to be an emotional, financial, human, moral, physical struggle so your listeners can laugh or cry.

The White Balloon Essays - Films, The White Balloon, Goldfish

The White Balloon Essays - Films, The White Balloon, Goldfish The White Balloon T h e W h i t e B a l l o o n Moiz Bhinderwala I. Give a short summary of the film in which you tell: - where and when the story takes place - who the main characters are protagonists and antagonists - how their lives are affected by the culture they are in The story is set in a modern Tehran just two hours before the start of the traditional Persian New Year -the first day of spring, March 21st, is New Year's Day in Iran. The whole story revolves around Raziah, a determined seven-year-old girl who wants nothing more than a certain beautiful goldfish to decorate her family's house for the New Year- (the first day of spring, March 21st, is New Year's Day in Iran) Though it's tough to convey the excitement of such a simple plot in words, her quest for the fish is surprisingly moving. This is partly because the adorable Raziah, who shouts all her lines, is so utterly appealing; and partly because the market of Tehran, where she ventures out to buy the fish with her mother's money (under strict instructions to bring back change). seems like no place for a little girl to be wandering by herself (underlines the fact about restriction on women in this culture) A sense of threat accompanies Raziah on her journey. First, some snake charmers - a bunch of men that she has been warned not to look at, by her parents - manage to separate the seven-year-old from her note. With the help of her sturdy vocal chords she manages to get the money back, only to lose it again. There's a subtle feeling that Raziah might be paddled by her parents if she doesn't get her money back - her brother, who convinced their mother to give his sister the money in the first place, shows up at one point with a black eye. The adults who surround the two children can't seem to understand how dire it is that they get their money back, but the kids themselves are quite certain of the gravity of their task. With earnest concentration, they try a variety of techniques to retrieve the bank note that has fallen through a grating into a cellar. Her search to recover the cash becomes intertwined with the lives of vendors, merchants, an indignant tailor, a friendly soldier on leave far from home, an Afghan refugee selling balloons and Raziah's own brother. The film takes place in real time, heightening the sense of living inside a child's world. Though the adults can't understand how important it is for Raziah to get her goldfish or to retrieve her money, it becomes very clear to us that these are matters of immense importance. The White Balloon conveys that deep, even timeless, childhood feeling of being thwarted at something you really want, of how something like a bowl of goldfish can be a life-or-death matter! The movie also brings out the various aspects of the Iranian Moslem culture in which the plot is set. The very fact that Raziahs parents warn her of places that girls are not supposed to go indicates that in this culture there are restrictions on girls with regards to entertainment. The scene where Raziah engages into talk with the friendly soldier, she is shown re-arranging her dress time and again, this also points out the strict dress code that women in this culture are supposed to stick to. II. As an anthropologist you are trying to understand this culture based on what you have seen in this film. - What differences are there between your culture and the culture presented in the film? I come from India, which shares an Asian culture with Iran. Moreover since my religion is Islam which is the same as the one of all the characters in the movie, it is difficult to me to narrow down the differences between my culture and the culture portrayed in the movie. However, the one differences that I noticed between the two cultures, in the movie was the dress code. Women in Iran are supposed to follow a strict dress code in which they wear longer dresses so as to cover their hands

Act of Union Essay Example for Free

Act of Union Essay ? Assess the causes of the Act of Union of 1800, and consider the ways in which the Articles of Union themselves were intended to solve the apparent problems in Ireland’s constitutional, political and religious relationship with England. Your essay must make reference to the relevant document studied in seminar 5. There were several significant causes of the Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland in 1800, most notably, the United Irishmen rebellion of 1798, along with the French landing at Killala in North Mayo. The United Irishmen, a radical mixed religious group, had began a campaign against British rule in Ireland in 1798. This rebellion was centered around Wexford, Wicklow and a protestant linen worker rebellion in Antrim. The rebellion was poorly organized and coordinated, and many parts of the country were left undisturbed. Although it was yet another rebellion by the Irish that was defeated, it fast forwarded the long standing idea that a political, constitutional and military union was needed between the two countries to prevent further war, or even worse, for Ireland to become a stepping stone in a French invasion of The British Isles. The worry about a French invasion starting in Ireland was compounded by a small French landing in north Mayo, that led to two battles, at Castlebar and Ballinamuck. The French landing was requested by Wolfe Tone, a protestant who was viewed as the leader of the United Irishmen. Wolfe Tone was influenced by the French and American Revolutions, and passed this influence onto the United Irishmen. The fact that the American Revolution had occurred so recently also had another major bearing on the Act of Union. the British parliament did not want to lose another colony, especially not one this close to home. This most likely would have being seen as a major weakness by the other European powers of the time. The French revolution, which promised freedom to all religions and races, and equal rights to all men would also have being seen as a threat to George III, the current monarch, who’s Coronation Oath held him to uphold and secure the Protestant faith. Article Fifth of the Act of Union combined the Church of Ireland and the Church of England into one central Protestant Episcopal Church. It also made the protestant faith the official religion of Ireland. The unity of the churches would also have bred the hope that more of the Catholic majority in Ireland would be converted. This would have being a vital cause for the union getting voted through the all protestant Irish parliament, as the protestants were outnumbered by Catholics in the general population at a ratio of 3:11. Should the Act of Union pass, they would be on the opposite side, it would be a 3:11 protestant majority. On a related topic, Robert Peel had earlier being responsible for the ending of several of the penal laws, all since the threat of war began in France. In 1793 Catholics could vote and become lawyers for the first time. He also played a part in the repeal of Poynings Law, which allowed the Irish parliament to enact its own laws without influence from London for the first time since the Norman Invasion. However, vitally, he could not hold his nerve to repeal the Penal law that stopped Catholics from holding a place in parliament and many Irish people would have thought this was the most important, as they could only vote for the entirely protestant government. Pitt had supported the Act Of Union in 1800, but had originally planned to follow it with more far reaching ideas, such as Catholic emancipation. However George III, after signing the Act of Union into law in August 1800, refused to support full Catholic emancipation on the basis that it would be contrary to his Coronation Oath. While the Act of Union was defeated the first time in the Irish parliament, it was passed on the second time of asking. Certain peerages, pensions and certain honors were offered to Irish politicians and Irish critics in return for voting for the act in the second time of asking. The first attempt to pass the law was beaten 109 votes against to 104 votes for, but, on the second time of asking in 1800, the results showed 150 for, compared to 115 against. Also, since the repeal of Poynings law, the Irish had being in charge of their own finances, and had bankrupt the country. When much the same thing had happened to Scotland in the 17th century, a Union with Britain had helped the Scottish overcome their financial difficulties. The Act of Union was intended to solve many of Irelands problems in different ways. Article first stated that Ireland and Britain would ‘be united into one Kingdom, by the Name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland’. This essentially made Ireland a sister kingdom to Britain, with the same laws, religion and parliament. However as time showed, these sister kingdoms were not treated equally, with very little worry being given to the Great Famine of 1845-49. Although it may initially have being seen to calm some insurgency in Ireland, it was not a suitable long-term arrangement unless great measures were taken to assimilate the large Catholic majority. These measures were not taken, and Catholic Ireland still felt like it was being given the short straw without emancipation. Article Second simply stated that the continuation of the Imperial Crown ‘shall continue limited and settled in the same manner as the Succession to the Imperial Crown of the said Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland’. This was to ensure that a protestant was always going to be in power as a monarch in Great Britain, and that the new Union with Ireland would not have an influence on the process of picking a new king or queen. The third article was perhaps the most important in terms of change, as it was the article that fully combined the two parliaments into a single entity. This was the most influential article, as it caused many of the upper class representatives that Ireland would have to move out of Dublin and over to London, to be closer to political affairs. This caused a decline in the importance of Dublin as a major European city, and shifted most of the influential Irish people out of the country. It may also have lead to the idea of Absentee landlords, another thing that was seen by the Irish as a cause of the Great Famine. Article Fourth was simply involved in the representation of Ireland in the new parliament. The election of 28 Electoral Lords for life would have guaranteed a continuation of protestant ascendancy in the British House of Lords. This would not have went well with the catholic majority of Ireland as they would have zero representation in the House of Lords, which had the ability to veto any laws passed by the House of Commons. Any chance of a law hat passed a pro-Catholic law would have being immediately put down by the protestant powers in the House of Lords, so even if George III did not veto the hopes for Catholic emancipation then the House of Lords would surely have. The 8th article was a constitutional article that ensured the continuation of all laws from before the act, in both Britain and Ireland. It stated ‘That all Laws in force at the time of the Union, and all the Courts of Civil and Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction within the respective Kingdoms, shall remain as now by Law established within the same’ This was a safety mechanism to prevent any problems with the transition between separate and united kingdom’s. If this article had not being put in place then, theoretically the parliament in London would have had to enact new laws that could potentially damage the political and hostile situation in Ireland. As you can see, the Act of Union was hoped to be a permanent solution to the problems in Ireland, and planned to consolidate the British Isles under one rulership. The Articles in the Act of Union attempted to promote the protestant faith, in particular the Anglican faith, in Ireland, and in the long term hoped to transform the rebellious Catholic majority into equal citizens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Although it was unsuccessful in the long run, it was a historic event that worked in other parts of the empire, such as Scotland. Act of Union. (2018, Nov 11).

English 102 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English 102 - Research Paper Example The principles that underline the seriousness of this problem include blocks like sexual activity, universal sex education, and the availability of contraceptive options. The prime and the most pondered upon issue which is being spread like fire all around the researches in contemporary literature is teen pregnancy which is why I will provide a basis of this issue with reference to its illustration through modern art. Different beliefs are held by different people; similarly various researches show various results. Hence, for the clarification of the causes and measures for the solution of this issue, all sides have been provided and presented objectively for the formulation of the readers own opinion. As the viewpoints provided are completely valid and applicable, thus this paper provides a study reference for the elimination or decrease in the problem of teen pregnancy from the society and improving the public health sector. Allen, Joseph P., Philliber, Susan, Herrling, Scott and Kuperminc, Gabriel P. â€Å"Preventing teen Pregnancy and Academic Failure: Experimental Evaluation of a Developmentally Based Approach† Child Development 68.4 (2006): 729–742. Print. The psychological reference of this work to various social and personal issues of public health is known well. The entire article puts forth the importance of social development in high school students and the scholars suggest that both teachers and parents are well aware of the practice. This article also points out the difficulty that students and teachers face in trying to implement the broad developmental tasks. According to the approach and estimates provided on page 290 of this book, it has been elucidated that the increase in the early pregnancy is among the two most troubling trends in our society. It is suggested that there is a link between the process of childbearing of the mother and that of their daughters. As compared to the above study, this book suggests various

ITA evaluation report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ITA evaluation report - Essay Example The views in MVC can be nested. For instance, a control panel of buttons can be implemented as a complex view containing nested button views. The user interface for an object inspector can have nested views that may be reused in a debugger. MVC offers support to nested views that have the Composite View class, a subclass of View. Objects in the Composite View perform as View objects; a composite view can be applied where a view can be used, but it also has the ability to contain and manage nested views. The user can take this as a design that lets them treat a composite view just like we treat one of its components. But the design is used to a more general problem, which occurs whenever we want to group objects and treat the group like an individual object (Bucanek 2009, p.256). This more general design is described by the Composite design pattern. It lets the user create a class hierarchy in which some subclasses define simple objects like Button and other classes define composite o bjects Composite View that groups the simple objects into more complex objects. MVC also allows the user to change the way a view reacts to user input without changing its visual presentation. The user might want to change the way it responds to the keyboard, or set it to use command keys in place of the normal pop-up menu or vice versa. MVC encapsulates the response mechanism in an object known as the Controller object. There is a chain of commands of controllers, so a user can create a new controller as a variation on an existing one. An occurrence of a Controller subclass is used by a View to implement a particular response strategy; to implement another dissimilar strategy; the user has to replace the occurrence with a diverse type of controller. It is also possible to change a controller of a view at run-time to let the view change the

Social Time In The Life Of A Man And Society :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays Sociology

Social Time In The Life Of A Man And Society ABSTRACT: The subject of this paper is social time-the peculiarities of the Past-Present-Future in social processes, and their unbreakable connection. I also focus on the necessity of taking stock of time in human activities and in the societal development. The Past in progress of society signifies the Already-happened which has become the possession of history. This Past exerts an enormous influence on the Present, determining it both directionally and functionally. The Present includes the Present itself, a part of the Past, and some elements of the Future. It represents the only reality for human beings as life is lived in the Present only. The Present creates the material and spiritual preconditions for the Future. Resolution of contemporary global problems is crucial for our Future which runs sequentially in three stages: immediate Future, visible Future and distant Future. All three exert influence on the Present by providing ideological and informational images. Time disciplin es our minds and wills, organizes our actions and promotes our cognitions of the Past, the Present and the Future. All the scientific philosophical systems, worked out in the history of mankind, have a big methodological and educational meaning. Separate categories, like social time, having attributive qualities are not an exception. Everyone: a scientist, a politician, an ordinary person, the whole mankind can't help taking into account the factor of time in their life and activities. We can say that they need it like the air to breath. That is why time was investigated in the theoretical systematized form by well-known philosophers and scientists of the past centuries - Aristotle, Augustine, Kant, Newton, Hegel, Marx, and ones of the Modern Age - Einstein, Russell, Heiddeger, Spirkin, etc. Each of them contributed to the understanding of time and its qualities. The most important issues of the past can be summarized in the following statements. Time is an attribute of the matter, its integral quality; time is indissolubly connected with space and motion; there is no "absolute" time in the material world. Time in the form of category, being abstract, can exist only in the theory and be used in scientific purposes. Time has important qualities: objectivity, that is it exists as the matter irrespective of our will and consciousness; it is characterized by the eternity of its duration - it has neither begging nor end; and it is contradictory. The latter means: from the one hand, time is eternal, on the other hand, all objects and processes exist for a certain time and have an end.

Usb Flash Drive

————————————————- USB flash drive Definition:Â  USB flash drives are compact file storage devices to save your information externally. Flash drives are about the size of a disposable lighter and can be conveniently worn around your neck or attached to your keychain. The end of the flash drive is inserted into the USB port on the computer. Once attached to the computer, they operate in much the same way as floppy drives, but have capacities currently in the range of up to 2 gigabytes.Pen drives, or USB–based technology thumb drives, have become the most popular data storage media devices for working professionals, students, academicians and independent tech consultants. Lightweight, small and easy to carry from place to place, a pen drive easily fits into a pocket or a wallet. Pen drives now available in multiple capacities, ranging from 512 MB to 32 GB, are used to store documents, photos, files, music videos and more. All read/write speed values are displayed in MB/Sec. Store Files A 4 GB or 8 GB pen drive can be used to store basic documents, PDF files, PowerPoint presentation and spreadsheets. 16 GB or 32 GB pen drives can be used to store high-capacity files such as videos, TV episodes and even movies. Transfer Files * Word documents, PDF files, presentations, photos and other files saved on a computer can be easily transferred or downloaded onto to a pen drive. Similarly, files can be transferred from a pen drive to a PC or laptop. Portable Devices * Independent technical consultants and PC technicians can use pen drives as portable work devices.They can store important files, utilities tools and programs in pen drives, and transfer them to another workstation or work site elsewhere. Working professionals can transfer their presentations and other important files stored on their hard drives to pen drives and take them elsewhere. Back-Up D evices * As almost all brand pen drives are password protected, they can also be used as effective back-up storage devices. Important personal information such as medical history, critical family information, important contacts, old family photographs, etc. can be stored in pen drives. Promotional Items * Many companies are now using pen drives to sell promotional material, marketing communication content and other sales literature. The ease with which pen drives can be customized and imprinted with company logos, pictures and images makes them effectivee promotional items. A USB Pen drive is a data storage device that contains flash memory with a combined Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. USB Pen drives are naturally changeable and rewritable, and physically much lesser than a floppy disk.We can use USB pens easily to plug it into the USB port of your computer and lookout the system automatically identifies the new device. You can stare at your system drive; a new drive has bee n produced. The operating system can communicate with your USB Pen Drive just like any ordinary Hard Disk Drive. The USB Pen Drive is dust-proof and shock-proof and contemplating a mere 21 grams, it needs no batteries, has no touching parts and is presented in range of volumes from 32 mega byte to a massive 1 giga byte.USB stands for Universal Serial Bus and it is a ‘standard' organized by the computer manufacturing to agree a vast amount of different devices to be easily involved to one machine with the minimum condition for further drivers and software and still work at an effective speed. Many firms within the UK use Persuasive USB pens as little enticements to customers of old and new. The hint of giving out Promotional USB pen drives is to offer customers with something that they can use that has your company logo upon it. A collection of Promotional pen drives can be given out to clients it all depends on how current you want them to be.General items of Promotional USB p en drives have been pens with messages printed upon them. Give your fixed customers Promotional USB flash drives like printed pens and they will have an thing they can use on a regular basis that has your name inscribed upon it. Moreover, give Promotional USB drives to prospective new clients and they will be capable to deliver your company brand inside their business premises. Each time they use an USB pen that has been given to them by you, your goods will be floating through their minds and your company will be leading in their thoughts. For more information visit http://www. global-emarketing. com .

Feminism Essays - 1237 Words

Feminism Works Cited Missing Feminism is the theory that men and women should be equal, politically, economically, and socially. There are many different types of feminism and each have a profound impact on someone’s view of society. The first is cultural feminism, which is the theory that there are fundamental personality differences between men and women, and that women’s differences are special. This theory supports the idea that there are biological differences between men and women and sexism can be overcome by embracing the â€Å"women’s way.† The second type is individualist or libertarian feminist. This feminism is based upon libertarian philosophies, with the focus on autonomy, rights, liberty, independence, and diversity.†¦show more content†¦These women are having an influence on today’s government. Because women are working and continuing the responsibilities of the household and child care, they are now beginning to voice demands for programs such as affir mative action, equal pay, pregnancy disability payments, and abortion rights. According to Einstein, the New Right is composed of a â€Å"conservative middle class majority, citizens concerned about high taxes and inflation, small business people angry at governmental control, born- again Christians concerned about sex in television and movies, supporters of the right to life, who are against federal funding of abortion, and middle class Americans tired of Big Government.† The New Right feels that women are being forced to enter the work force because of the high taxes and inflation caused by the continuous growth of the welfare state. Women leaving the home are destructive to the family unit. The family structure is believed to be necessary to the â€Å"moral fabric of society and economic vitality. (Einstein, 1984) There has been a transfer of family functions from the family to â€Å"doctors, psychiatrists, child development experts, spokesmen for the juvenile courts and marriage counselors (Einstein, 1984). Since the mother has become more â€Å"absent† from the household, authority and responsibilities have been shifted to the state figures previously listed. Juvenile delinquency, teen pregnancy and teenage drug abuse haveShow MoreRelatedFeminism : A Studies Of Feminism1559 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism 6 Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES:A STUDIES OF FEMINISM PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES: A STUDIES OF FEMINISM CUIYI P. Student Pasadena City College Feminism 1 Psychology Studies: a Studies of Feminism What Does it Means to Run Like a Girl 21th Century Earlier Centuries Feminism became a hot topic in 21th century, but anyone know what is Feminism means? Definition on Macmillan Dictionary says, Feminism is the belief that women should have the sameRead MoreFeminism : An Definition Of Feminism1281 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one hears the term â€Å"Feminism†, she/he may have the idea that it is the urge and desire to gain rights for women. While that is true, it does not describe feminism in its entirety. Many people misinterpret what this term means based on media and people who do not know better. Many people who may misinterpret feminism may describe it as a movement to make women superior to men. They may say that those who claim to be a feminist are ones who hate men and strive to assert themselves aboveRead MoreFeminism : The Facade Of Feminism3220 Words   |  13 Pages1A 10 December 2014 The Facade of Feminism Feminism has been around for many years. During the 19th century, feminism has had a massive effect on the female role in society and in everyday life. The term feminism emerged from the 20th century to express a broader set goals for women around the world. The majority of women want to have the same equal rights as men and women are willing to fight until they unite and become treated equally as one. The word feminism is a complex and paradoxical termRead MoreFeminism1121 Words   |  5 PagesFEMINISM Introduction to Sociology Feminism Belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes. The movement organized around this belief. Feminism Feminist Theory is an outgrowth of the general movement to empower women worldwide. Feminism can be defined as a recognition and critique of male supremacy combined with efforts to change it. Feminism The goals of feminism are: To demonstrate the importance of women To reveal that historically women have been subordinate to menRead MoreFeminism, And Existentialist Feminism1780 Words   |  8 Pageswho is giving, caring, and dependable. These may sounds like worthy qualities at first, but together they form a major source of oppression for any caregiving figure, and different feminist theories such as care-focused feminism, psychoanalytic feminism, and existentialist feminism all have something to say about it. Motherhood is certainly a necessary role in a family and even in society, but the social construction around this role has led to many different ideas about the way mothers and caregiversRead MoreFeminism : The Marks Of Feminism1989 Words   |  8 PagesThe Marks of Feminism Throughout history and still today women fight against stereotypes and oppression for the sole fact that they are women. Stripped of human rights and equality in comparison to men, women deserve to stand on the same pedestal men are preciously placed upon simply because they are all human. A majority of people, including some women, invalidate the need for feminism by claiming that women often place themselves in lower positions than men. Feminists, however, would argue thatRead MoreFeminism : The Second Wave Of Feminism1222 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is feminism? Feminism is a definition to philosophy in which women and their contributions are valued. It is based on a social political and economical which is an equality for women. It’s a revolution that includes women and men who who wish the world to be equal without boundaries. The evolution of the rights of women in Australia owes much to successive waves of feminism, or the women s movement. The first of these took place in the late 19th century and was concerned largely with gainingRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave Feminism1516 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica from 1960s into the 1980s which was later spread into Europe and parts of Asia. 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In 2017 most millennials identify with third wave feminism or a variant of the movement and strive to abolish gender roles, patriarchyRead MoreFeminism : The First Wave Of Feminism1267 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism is a movement calling for social change, holding to a belief that women are oppressed by American society due to patriarchy’s inherent sexism. This social movement explained quite simply started in the 19th century when women fought for the right to vote, sought to improve workplace conditions for women as well as increase working opportunities. From this initial movement, called first wave feminism, stemmed other waves that though somewhere in the same vein, they held many differing goals