Personal Response on the On the Rainy River free essay sample

On the other hand, for me, Canada is separation: separation from the friends and family who I most dearly loved and looked up to, separation from the institutions which developed the principles and character I have today, separation from the culture, language, and traditions that I grew up in, separation from the life I have lived for seventeen years, and separation from the dreams I have dreamed for seventeen years†¦ or is it? Tim and I might have totally different definition of Canada but for both of us the decision to move or to stay was merely just a choice. I lived seventeen years of my life in the Philippines, four years of which is with my mom separated from us because she had to move and work in Canada while my dad also seemingly separated from us since he had to work longer hours shifting his loneliness and longing for my mom, to his focus on his daily counseling and paper work. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Response on the On the Rainy River or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Within those four years, my mom was able to cope with the sadness of being homesick by being able to talk to us every day for an hour before we went to school in the morning and a couple of hours before we went to sleep at night. Those hours of conversation made us feel like we were closer than we actually were. My mom became more well-informed with every detail of our daily activities from the morning we woke up and got ready for school up to the last prayer we recited at night. The worries and fears of being separated from my mom were changed into joy and love of being closely connected as we constantly shared our stories from different sides of the world every single day. After years of waiting, our family finally got the blessing we prayed for: our Visa, a Visa that finally makes our family go to Canada and be with mom. Through the Visa we have the opportunity to be together again as a family. Ironically, I can’t help but cry and feel miserable. It is not that I didn’t want to be with my mom again, of course I did, but it is because of those seventeen years that I felt like I am wasting. At that time, I believed that I still have a choice, a choice to not move to Canada and just stay in the Philippines and continue to fulfill those dreams I have set for myself for seventeen years. Days passed by and my begging of staying in the Philippines was not considered, in fact, I was even asked to assist my dad in doing all those things in relation to the application— from filling up tons of forms from the embassy to photocopying every file of information that each of the member of the family have. I never wanted to move to Canada but with the family being at stake, I understood that the truth is†¦ I don’t actually have a choice. In June of 1968, after receiving the draft letter that asks Tim to go to war, his ordinary teenage life changed into a complicated life of making choices. Being a man of intellect and not of action, Tim sees himself as a young man ‘too good, too smart, too compassionate, too everything (39)’ for the war that he never understood and have always hated. With the experience he had in the summer of 1968 working in an Armour meatpacking plant in his hometown in Minnesota, together with the draft letter experience, he realized that his life in the plant is seemingly a microcosm of the Vietnam War. The eight long hours of standing a quarter-mile from the assembly line removing blood clots from the necks of the pigs, the way he uses that heavy eighty-pound, some kind of a water gun, the unpleasant work, the nasty stinking smell that seems to stay within his whole body, the dates that he couldn’t get that summer, the feeling of isolation from his community, brought him to two choices: flee to Canada bringing with him his morals and beliefs but be branded a coward and a traitor or fight for the war with his life and reputation to make his people proud, but lose his principles or maybe even his life. The same society that built the morals and beliefs and principles he has in him had then become the same society that crippled him to make the choice of leaving all those behind as he stated, â€Å"And what was so sad, I realized, was that Canada had become a pitiful fantasy. Silly and hopeless. It was no longer a possibility. Right then, with the shore so close, I understood that I would not do what I should do. (55)† In the stories Tim O’ Brien and I shared, there is this one little detail in common, we both made a choice. At first, the decision of moving to Canada felt like a selfish decision I was â€Å"forced† to make only for the family’s sake. Actually, I even held them responsible for my misery for a couple of weeks. But as those weeks and months pass by, I came to realize that such choice was actually one of the greatest things that can happen to me, for it was more than just an opportunity for our family to be whole but a breakthrough to endless possibilities towards reaching my dreams. However, for Tim, without any further details after he went to the war, we are left into thinking what might have happened after he made his choice. But as I delve deeply into his tale, I can feel how much he regretted the decision he made just because he does not want the feeling of embarrassment and shame and of cowardice and isolation from the society of people that led him into being the person he is. My decision to choose family over the Philippines and Tim’s decision to choose Vietnam over Canada are our choices made as we come to consider our personal priorities and obligations to my family and to his country. Choice is an act of selecting or making a decision when faced with two or more possibilities. As Steve Maraboli says, â€Å"How would your life be different if†¦ You stopped allowing other people to dilute or poison your day with their words or opinions? Let today be the day†¦You stand strong in the truth of your beauty and journey through your day without attachment to the validation of others†. Like Tim and I, each individual has choices they have to decide on. No matter what kind of decision it is, may it be something for ourselves or for the people around us, we cannot just say that the society â€Å"pressured† us to make such choice. Being individuals granted with free will, we would always be held accountable for every choice we make. In the end, the decision whether to let others poison our lives with their opinions or stand strong in our own journey is merely up to us.

The Future of the World Essay Example

The Future of the World Essay Example The Future of the World Essay The Future of the World Essay The world today is home to over six billion inhabitants.China and India are home to over two billion people and these countries are already experiencing thefirst signs of over population. If the population continues to grow as it is, the world can expect some serious problems within the next thirty years. Every day a quarter of a million people are added to the world, which equates to eighty seven million people per year. With such an increase in population, one can only expect the depletion of earths natural resources and the widespread suffering for its inhabitants. Such a dramatic increase in population would, in turn, cause many environmental consequences. Having twice as many people could result in severe problems, such as air pollution and waste management. The more people the earth has, the more industrial society will become. Increased industrialization will take a toll on the earths environment and cause heavy air pollution. The biggest cause of air pollution today is vehi cle exhaust, through the burning of fossil fuels. While the cars of today have made some improvements, if the earths population doubles then it can only be expected that the air pollution would double. In addition, space for garbage dumps and more treatment plants will have to be built to deal with the increase in waste. The destruction of vegetation in order to create more room for homes and the dumping of waste, will not allow enough air to be cleaned, nor will it leave enough space to produce enough food to support the worlds population. Thirty-five countries now face serious food shortages, including two-dozen in Africa, according to a report released by the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization. If this is happening in the world today what can be expected in thirty years. Many countries are on the verge of over population, expanding every which way to make room. This expansion often extends into agricultural

The House of Lords no longer has a useful role. To what extent do you Essay

The House of Lords no longer has a useful role. To what extent do you agree - Essay Example Critically, it is knowledgeable that the House of Lords was the sovereign lawmaker in the English Monarch. However, the introduction of political bodies and the House of Commons has been wading off the chamber’s roles. For example, the House of Commons adapted the chamber’s role of implementing laws. At that point, the upper house was to amend bills passed by the members of the lower house. This indicates that the upper house was a recipient to lower house thus it would lack control over Great Britain’s political platform holding to the that the role of constitutional implementation belonged to a different chamber (Great Britain, 2007, p. 55). Arguably, this step rendered the House of Lords’ roles ineffective as the political platform would draw much attention among the population, and its roles would be of utmost effect to the UK society. The continued development of the country’s political platform threatens to wade off the existence of House of Lords since the lower house, under the leadership of the Prime Minister continuously implements regulations that limit the capacity at which the chamber can pose any influences. Initially, the House of Lords comprised of over 680 members in the lords spiritual and lords temporal categories (Great Britain, 2012, p. 70). This number currently stands at 92 after the House of Commons implemented a commission to regulate the upper house’s membership. Presumably, the reduced number translates to reducing roles as the political bodies have implemented other government offices to overtake those roles (Russell, 2013, p. 31). For example, the upper house was the official court of appeal until the formation of the Supreme Court in 2009. The upper house acted as the chamber of implementing the final judgement. This role limited the effect of democracy as the society’s view was not represented rather than that of the

Correlation between Self-Esteem and Memory Research Proposal

Correlation between Self-Esteem and Memory - Research Proposal Example The study employed standardized measures constituting a Rosenberg Self-Esteem questionnaire given to participants to be completed in class; followed by a series of fifteen words read aloud to them and to be written down on a sheet of paper shortly afterward to test their memory. This experiment used a within-subject design where the researcher tested the participants independently and analyzed their results in SPSS, running a Pearson Correlation Test to find any correlation. Several specific studies have highlighted many cases that demonstrate how memories affect self-esteem both positively and negatively. Psychologists have long been studying "Self-esteem" as an independent concept in cognitive-behavioral therapy, mistaking it as something characteristic of maladjustment in one's social environment. It was until only recently that Social Scientists like Rubenstein (1999) defined self-esteem as the "belief" that one is capable of making competent and appropriate decisions about his life. (p. 76) This belief, Rubenstein explains, is based on how we evaluate our actions where such evaluation is, in turn, driven by concepts such as memory and self-concept. Healthy self-esteem is achieved when people are able to validate their actions positively. (p. 76) Constituting one of the four components of self-concept, Carpenito-Moyet (2007) state that self-esteem has many types and kinds depending on several factors that are driven by experiences and memory (p. 563). Psychologists have discovered that self-esteem fluctuates as life events range from positive to negative incidents, where negative life events predict lower self-esteem (e.g., Lakey, Tardiff, & Drew, 1994). Sternberg and Mio, discussing autobiographical memory; which is the memory of an individual's history, state that experiences in the life of an individual are constructive, wherein one does not recall exactly what happened but one's own construction or reconstruction of what happened. (p. 237) Which brings us to the concept of what one "believes" to be true about himself. These investigations about autobiographical memory show that memories affect self-esteem especially when the individual has a distorted recall. There are several studies highlighting many cases that demonstrate how memories affect self-esteem both positively and negatively. One such study is that of Uttl, Ohta and Siegenthaler's (2006) introduction and study of the so-called "self-defining memories". Their study showed that, in the case of mother-daughter bonding, daughters that were narrated more positive birth narratives showed higher self-esteem and those, with more frequently told and descriptive stories were closer to their mothers than those who weren't told any positive birth narratives. Uttl, Ohta and Siegenthaler found support from a similar research on SDMs conducted by Cohen and Conway. Their studies led them to the finding that these memories have links to personality styles. For instance, there was the case that reported the way students at the end of their third year of college have described and evaluated a significant life experience from the preceding 3 years and how these correlated with their personality,

Evidence Based Medicine in General Practice Essay

Evidence Based Medicine in General Practice - Essay Example As the report declares EBM endeavors to illuminate those elements of medical practice that are in principle subject to scientific methods and put these methodological functions to enhance eminent forecast of upshots in medical healing, even as discussion about which results are enviable persists. This discussion stresses that a clerical anthropological line of attack was employed to analyze inter-reliance with reference to the healthcare teamwork. This line of attack is embedded on the function of ethnographic fieldwork by means of participant observation. Corporations are conceptualized as a civilizing phenomenon with their own edifying principles and models that stipulate the traits of workers. Ethnography approach has been widely employed in health management reviews. It is viewed as a way of accessing beliefs and traditions enhancing these to be conceived in the context in which they occur and aiding the understanding of traits of actors. The opinion polls were conducted for a period of 6 months with 30 interrogations involving doctors as well as nurses that are group participants in hospice sections; this include functional rooms, intensive care units as well as ward areas in a colossal teaching hospice in Australia. Precise cataloguing was employed. Scholars employed se mi-configured opinion polls and contestant inspection. Those that were interviewed consist of surgeons, anaesthetists, nurse overseers, and foster clinicians. (Jassawalla, A.R., Sashittal, H.C, 1999). Methodology Methodology is the selection of the variety and type of data and information to gather, method of analyzing the data and information and the target group or audience from the data is to be gathered. There are various types of methodologies that can be used for the data collection, collation and compilation of the research. The importance of methodology in an approach to acquire relative data in regard evidence based medicine from the general practitioners point of view. The hypothesis revolving around any topic can be better analysed through the data on which it is built. There cannot be any investigation without hypothesis. Hypothesis defines the aims and objectives of an investigation and leads to the development of sound methodology. Phenomenology is one of the methodologies used in philosophical research which was first used by mathematician Edmund Husserl. The core of this methodology includes use of reflective techniques of 'bracketing' and 'reduction' to unveil the data which is actually required by the researchers. A wide range of literature analysis offered the hypothetical construction against which the examination stretched out. Since this review is beyond being innovative, it is however, not probable to establish a direct comparison that flanks the results and the findings carried from preceding lessons, (Wadland WC, Barry et al 1999). Whereas there are copious studies that feature obstruction to engaging with the EBM replica of concern, there exist incongruity in their approaches and interpretative line is oriented on borderline arguments as barricades that trounce; treatment discrepancy at the bottom line if often the

Change of Logistics in Tesco analysis

Change of Logistics in Tesco analysis In this paper, the key subject focuses on the change issues facing Tesco in the next five years, especially on the logistics. The operation process of change makes huge headway towards the modern Tescos supply chain Tesco plc is a British international grocery and general merchandising retailer. This company operates 4331 stores in 14 countries around in the UK, other European countries, the US and Asia (Tesco PLC. Company Profile, 2009). Tesco is headquartered in Hertfordshire, the UK and employs over 470,000 people. Tesco was founded in 1919 when Jack Cohen began to sell surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London (Tesco: Our History, 2007). It is the largest retailer in British by both global sales and domestic market share. Behind Wal-Mart and Carrefour, it is the third largest global retailer. Originally specializing in food and drink, Tesco has diversified into fields such as clothing, telecoms, car insurance, financial services, health and dental plans, retailing DVDs, CDs, magazines, music downloads, internet services and software. The core purpose of Tesco is to create value for the customers to earn their lifetime loyalty. In this paper, the change of logistics in Tesco is investigated. It falls into three parts, which starts with the fundamental situation of logistics in Tesco. The importance of logistics in Tesco and the current logistics management are presented in this part. The second part investigates the change issues facing Tesco in the next five years, such as strategic change, structural change and technical change. In the third part, barriers and resistance to change are identified. Besides, necessary steps to changes and the different viewpoints of change implement are also involved. 2.0 Logistics in Tesco The business reformation of Tesco in the last 30 or more years is one of the most remarkable stories in British retailing. The organization has become one of Europes leading retail businesses with retail operation in countries as far-ranging as South Korea, Turkey, Poland and Ireland (Tesco PLC. Company Profile, 2009). In common with other large retailers, Tesco buys goods from suppliers into regional distribution centres, for preparation and onward delivery to its stores. Logistics management is the part of the supply chain which plans, implements and controls the storage of goods and related information to meet the customers requirements. The logistics function is one of he links between production and consumption. Over the last decade there is a growing opinion that logistics is not merely a strategic activity but is important in strategic terms (Sparks, 1986). It is no exaggeration to say that if there is no logistics, there would be no Tesco. The current logistics of Tesco is different from the origins of the organization. In 1970s, the supply chain required to deliver comparatively simple products to lots of small high-street stores. Now the current supply chain is in the delivery of all kinds of products in a modern Tesco Extra hypermarket, or in the Tesco Express stores located in busy city centre districts, or the warehouse and weekly shopping on Tesco.com. Since Tesco changed its solely down-market image, Tesco has begun to better understand its customers and control its business. The retail transformation made Tesco put sharp focus on the quality and capability of the supply systems and the relationships with its suppliers. In the history of Tesco, there have been several phases in the transformation of the distribution strategy and operations (Fernie, J and Sparks, L, 2004). In the mid-1970s, Tesco operated a direct to store delivery operation. Suppliers and manufactures delivered directly to stores so the store ma nagers could operate their relationships with the suppliers. This kind of distribution was unable to ensure the consistency between product volumes and quality. Then the organization gained the control of the organization. The change happened in 1980 and was implemented to move away direct delivery to stores for the realization of centralization. Tesco selected a centrally controlled and physically centralized distribution service delivering most of the goods to stores, within a lead time of a maximum of 48 hours (Sparks,1986). That involved an extension of the distribution facilities and the building of new distribution centres, which was located more closely with the existent stores and even the future stores. This strategy produced a rationalized network of distribution centres, linked by computer from stores to head office, which reduced the individual operations. Once the basic network was settled, Tesco put attention to build vertical collaboration in the supply chain. Informa tion sharing, electronic trading and collaborative improvements have become essential to Tesco and brought up the success of Tesco. The Logistics and supply chain reformation have received not only public consideration but also available academic analysis. As a leading food and grocery retailer, Tesco is inevitable to face problems in the future. On the contrary, problems can also turn into opportunities as long as Tesco enforce suitable strategies to change problems into opportunities. Competition among the rivals and the co-operation with the suppliers are all the important issues to Tesco, much less the difficult economic times. 3.0 Logistics Change in the next five years It is crucial for leading retailers to play a vital role in the economic recession. Therefore, the retailers must make cost savings, in the meantime, continue to develop products and services which create real value for their customers. Those that do so can only come out of the downturn. Tesco needs to tackle the huge number of issues that it faces as one of the worlds largest retailers. Tesco has developed a world-class logistics approach to expand its success. But to some extent, the success of Tesco is due to the particular circumstance in the UK. As Tesco has become a much more international retailer, Tesco needs to change logistics and supply chain to face the changing nature of the retail operations. 3.1 Change of Strategy Retailers now do not compete only on the basis of their activities alone, also on the basis of the effectiveness and efficiency of their supply chain. Massive progress which made Tesco successful also made its retail and supply face increasing challenges. By 2009, Tesco had successfully established that retail presence in India, the United States, China, Turkey and Japan. Tesco has become the market leader in these international countries, not to mention the number one status in the British grocery retailer. From 2003, the overseas operation has accounted for almost half the Tesco Group retail space and nearly 20 percent of retail sales (Tesco plc Annual Report, 2003). Due to the economic downturn, Tesco should move its strategy from spreading the business widely to cost reduction. If there are issues in production and primary distribution, these will inevitably have a bad effect on the price, quality and service for the consumers. Once the cost of distribution has been reduced, ther e would be business motivation to apply logistics resource to determine opportunities to make improvements in the company. 3.2 Task in the future Tesco has suppliers on both a local and global scale. In the current economic climate, many customers want to buy products which can support their local business and economy. They are also concerned about food miles and the relative environment impact of the produce they chose (Christopher L.  Weber and H. Scott  Matthews, 2008). Therefore, it is necessary for Tesco to switch task on expanding local sourcing. This task can not only reduce the unit cost distribution year on year, but also lower the capital invested in vehicles. Besides, it can also produce positive effects on cutting down carbon footprint. On climate change, vehicles using for distribution to stores generate a major proportion of Tescos indirect carbon footprint. It is a big challenge for Tesco to address how it can respect on environmental limits. As Tesco continues to expand its business, it must reduce its environment impact at the same time. If the company is failing in controlling the emission of pollutants, the growth of brands will be destroyed. Tesco started a home shopping pilot scheme in 1995. This pilot was extended to 10 stores after two years and the store-based picking operation was expanded over UK in 1999. Now, its internet subsidiary Tesco.com is the largest online retailer in the world. Tesco was the very first internet grocer to market in UK, and by adapting quickly to the fast-changing needs of its customers with careful service and inventive offerings, it has succeeded in being in the lead among its competitors. So, Tesco should enlarge its market share and coverage on the internet. 3.3 People Involves in Change Tesco promise its people the opportunity and makes people feel committed by investing in training and development. As changes are continual and inevitable, it is necessary for Tesco to develop the employee skills. More inevitable is that people involved in changes will give different attitudes to the management. But the no matter what attitudes people take, they all need to change with changing business environment from the directors to the deliverymen. The directors should be sensitive to the change issues and more staff will be hired for their professional skills on website establishment or delivery. The delivers are facing huge challenge for the fast development online shopping. That means the service to the customers should efficient and free from error. 4.0 Change Issues and recommendations Changes are so unpredictable that it is unavoidable to face barriers to change. People naturally resist change because people prefer the know to the unknown. If a company wants people to be able to initiate and sustain change in the workplace, it must be aware of the barriers to change (Pike, B, 2004). Most people refuse to be uncomfortable in changes so that they may quit implementing the changes which the company has planned. So Tesco needs to monitor the training on helping people make a smooth transition and be ready for questions and advices from people. So as a director of Tesco, is it critical to give the top-notch people the professional train and coach and take in ideas from people no matter whether they are useful. Having more ideas generally leads to better ideas, so it is necessary for the directors to generate several alternatives when considering what to deal with changes. Another barrier to change is ambiguous to change. Change requires for clarity and attention. When the company faces too many changes at the same time it becomes difficult to pay attention to them all even though people want to make clear of all the changes. Maybe it is advisable to drop some changes and focus on the most unable to wait. Resistance is as inevitable as change. It is a natural response to any major change. Folger and Skarlicki (1999) claim that organizational change can generate skepticism and resistance in employees, making it sometimes difficult or impossible to implement organizational improvements. Most employees dont like change because they dont like being changed. Though the directors decide to move in the direction of unknown on the promise that something will be better for the company and the staff, but no one can proof. No matter how well designed and planned the change program is, not every staff will be singing its praises. People can only take active steps toward the unknown if they believe the new direction will create benefits. If Tesco want to make the case of change, be sure to set out terms why the company believes the changes can produce benefits. Tesco should defuse political power plays amongst managers and other employees by convoking board-based meetings where tasks and strategie s are openly discussed and introduce operations which leave little room for individual determination. Managers, employees always have questioned the value of the role of change agent in their organization. It is because the label change agent is usually related with misunderstanding, cynicism and stereotyping. As organization of all kinds face inevitable changes in their environment, the need for change agents who are capable of turning strategy into reality has created an important role. Dave Ulrich (1996) suggests that founding a renewed organization is the deliverable expected from the change agent role in Human Resources. The change agents enable people to work effectively as they plot and increase peoples ability to manage future change. So Tesco is necessary to hire a change agent to deal with the change and suggest the steps necessary to implement changes, though there are suspicious voices. For a company facing changes, change agents are strategic thinkers with a vision which is shared across the organization (Kaufman, 2005). But the skills of change agents which can lead to success must be grounded in a passion for the final goal and the ability to sustain the pression through the challenges and setbacks inherent in bold visions. Tesco does not need a change agent with high education but a change agent with efficiency and bold vision. Tescos core purpose and values define the way it dose business, how it treat the consumers, the employees and the suppliers. Tescos corporate social responsibility policy objective is to earn the trust of the customers by acting responsibly in the communities it serve. So the task of purchasing local produces is wise for causing favorable impression from the local customers and a commendable active to the social communities. Tesco should plan a mature plan on the integrating the network management in the next two years for the fast booming of online shopping. It is urgent for Tesco to occupy the online market over the world though someone will criticize this task of Tesco is invasive. Therefore, Tesco need to guarantee the welfare and safety of the employees of the suppliers and deliveries for making them extend fair and honest to the customers. The envisaged schedule of cost reduction builds upon that the appropriate resources are assigned. Primary distribution should be keeping on with cost reduction. 5.0 Conclusion The change management carries with many challenges. Challenges involved with the amount of time required to develop, arrange and implement the plan as well as align people around its breakthrough strategies (Silverman, 2000).As the retailers have realized the importance of distribution is underestimated and the consumer needs are changeable, the need of improve the quality accuracy of logistics is paramount. For a growth company like Tesco it is vital that the company meets the challenges produced by the economic downturn. By grasping the right opportunities, protecting itself from unpredictable capital markets and trading in a sustainable way Tesco should confront this recession as an even stronger company. It is impossible to predict the future and to state demonstrably what the Tesco logistics will appear in the following years of course. Certainly, procedures in the area of environment aspects of logistics will continue to place pressure on retails and supplier to reinforce their performance. The electronic grocery shopping with direct home delivery is gradually becoming an option for more consumers. All the changes require the active support of employees and involvement of senior management in order to be successful.

Cfcs Cause Deterioration Of The Ozone Layer :: essays research papers fc

Cfcs Cause Deterioration of the Ozone Layer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The deterioration of the ozone layer , caused by Cfcs, endangers the lives of humans'. Cfcs have a diminishing effect on the ozone layer. Furthermore, the deterioration of the ozone cause an increase of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation which can have a negative effect on human skin and eyes. As a writer for newsweek, I have investigated the scenario and found the following information.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The earth's atmosphere is a blanket of air that surrounds the planet. This atmospheric air is made up of many different gases, 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% of a dozen or more other gases like carbon dioxide, helium, and ozone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This atmosphere extends many miles out from the earth's surface. However, this layer is not a uniform layer, from top to bottom. As one moves out from the planet's surface the atmosphere becomes progressively dense. This atmosphere can be divide into four major regions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first region is the troposphere which extends about 6.5 miles above the planet's surface. The troposphere contains the oxygen that we breath and is where a majority of our weather takes place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beyond the troposphere is the second region of the atmosphere, the stratosphere. The stratosphere extends from roughly 6.5-30 miles from the earth's' surface. The air on this region is much less dense than in the troposphere, and it's a lot drier. The stratosphere is the area that contains the majority of the ozone layer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Past the stratosphere is the mesosphere which extends to 50 miles above the planet. The last region is the thermosphere. The thermosphere's outermost edge is roughly 600 miles above the surface of the earth. Beyond it, the airless vacuum of space begins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen is made up of two oxygen atoms that are bonded together. In the periodic table it is represented by O2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Like oxygen, ozone is a gas that is made up of oxygen atoms. However, a molecule of ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen bonded together, therefore, O3, represents ozone. The ozone makes up only .01% of the atmosphere. Furthermore, 90% of the ozone is found in the stratosphere. It is concentrated in a layer between 7 and 22 miles above the earth's surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The massive depth of the ozone in the stratosphere would lead you to believe that it is very thick, it is not. If it were condensed, the ozone layer would only be a few millimeters thick (Rowland and Molina 1994. p.23).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ozone is made in the stratosphere. It is continuously being formed, broken down, and reformed, over and over again. Furthermore, the three key